Cardiac electrical device-related bacterial infections: Prevention, diagnosis, and management

Cardiac electrical device-related bacterial infections: Prevention, diagnosis, and management

Significant developmentin modern cardiac (or cardiovascular) electrical devices (CIEDs), including permanent pacemakers, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), and cardiac resynchronization therapy, is contributing to the improvement in both the survival rate and quality of life in patients with cardiac arrhythmias and/or heart failure. The number of CIED implantations has increased si...

Cardiac device infections: definition, classification, differential diagnosis, and management.

Cardiac device infections (CDIs) continue to be a serious clinical problem, with varying terminology and different classifications constituting one of the major diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in routine clinical practice. The problem invariably arises during an attempt to estimate the extent of the infection, which in consequence determines the choice of treatment strategy (duration of a...

Intravascular catheter-related infections: advances in diagnosis, prevention, and management.

Indwelling vascular catheters are a leading source of bloodstream infections in critically ill patients and cancer patients. Because clinical diagnostic criteria are either insensitive or non-specific, such infections are often overdiagnosed, resulting in unnecessary and wasteful removal of the catheter. Catheter-sparing diagnostic methods, such as differential quantitative blood cultures and t...

Prevention of Device-Related Healthcare-Associated Infections

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Up to 15% of patients develop an infection while hospitalized in the United States, which accounts for approximately 1.7 million HAIs, 99,000 deaths annually and over 10 billion dollars in costs per year. A significant percentage of HAIs are preventable using evidenced-based strategi...

Guidelines for the diagnosis, management and prevention of implantable cardiac electronic device infection.